Isingeniso
Njengoba umfutho womhlaba wonke oya kumandla avuselelekayo udlondlobala, izintambo ezintantayo phesheya kwezilwandle ziye zavela njengesixazululo esiyisisekelo sokudluliswa kwamandla okusimeme. Lezi zintambo, eziklanyelwe ukumelana nezinselele eziyingqayizivele zendawo yasolwandle, zisiza ekunikezeni amandla amapulazi omoya angasogwini, amasistimu wamandla olwandle, ngisho nokufakwa kwelanga elintantayo. Ngokuhlinzeka ngesixhumanisi esizinzile nesiguquguqukayo sokudluliswa kwamandla kumaphrojekthi asogwini, izintambo ezintantayo zilungisa kabusha isimo samandla avuselelekayo. Kulesi sihloko, sizocwila ekutheni izintambo ezintantayo zasogwini zisebenza kanjani, izinzuzo zazo, izinhlelo zokusebenza, nokuthi zisho ukuthini ngekusasa lamandla.
Ayini Amakhebuli Antantayo Ase-Offshore?
Incazelo Nesakhiwo
Izintambo ezintantayo zasolwandle ziyizintambo eziklanywe ngokukhethekile ezihlala zigcwele ezindaweni zasolwandle. Ngokungafani namakhebuli endabuko angaphansi kolwandle ahlala phansi olwandle, izintambo ezintantayo zihlanganisa izakhi ezinyakazayo nezinto ezithuthukisiwe ukuze zihlale zintanta futhi zivumelana nezimo. Lo mklamo uzivumela ukuthi zihambe namagagasi olwandle nemisinga ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukuzinza, okuwenza alungele ukufakwa kwamanzi ajulile kanye nezilungiselelo eziguquguqukayo zasolwandle.
Umehluko Kuzintambo Zendabuko Zase-Subsea
Izintambo zendabuko ezingaphansi kolwandle zibambelele phansi olwandle futhi zisengozini yokulimala ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwemisinga yolwandle kanye nokunyakaza komhlaba. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izintambo ezintantayo ziboshelwe ezisekelweni ezintantayo noma ezinsikeni ezintantayo, okuzenza zikwazi ukuhlala zizinzile ngisho nasemanzini amabi. Lokhu kuguquguquka okuguquguqukayo kuzenza zilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza zasogwini lapho isimo sezulu nezinguquko zemvelo zingabikezela futhi zibe namandla.
Asebenza Kanjani Amakhebula Antanta Ngasolwandle
I-Buoyancy kanye nokuvumelana nezimo
Ukhiye wokusebenza kwamakhebuli antantayo asogwini usekuklameni kwawo okunyakazayo nokwakhiwa okuvumelana nezimo. Izinto ezintantayo, njengama-synthetics kanye nezakhi zegwebu eziklanywe ngokukhethekile, zihlanganiswa emgodleni wekhebula, okuwuvumela ukuba intante ekujuleni okucacisiwe. Lokhu kuvumelana nezimo kuvimbela ukuphuka nokuguga okungenzeka ngezinhlobo zamakhebula aqine kakhulu.
Izinhlelo Zokuphatha Ikhebula
Ukusekela lawa makhebula uxhaxha lwezinhlelo zokuphatha amakhebula, okuhlanganisa amasistimu okubamba ama-anchoring avimbela ukukhukhuleka ngokweqile. Ngokuvumela izintambo ukuthi "zigibele" ngokuhamba kwamagagasi, lezi zinhlelo zokuphatha zinciphisa ubunzima, zandise ukuphila kwezintambo futhi zinciphise izidingo zokunakekelwa. Amahange, ama-buoy, kanye nezinhlaka zomhlahlandlela zisebenza ndawonye ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi lezi zintambo zihlala zikhona, okuvumela ukudluliswa kwamandla okuphumelelayo kusuka emithonjeni engasogwini.
Izinzuzo Zezintambo Ezintantayo Zase-Offshore Zokudlulisa Amandla
Ukuqina Okuthuthukisiwe Ezindaweni Eziqinile Zasolwandle
Izintambo ezintantayo zakhiwe ukuze zimelane nezimo eziyingqayizivele zamanzi avulekile, lapho amagagasi, amagagasi neziphepho kungadala ukunyakaza okungapheli. Izinto eziguquguqukayo, ezikwazi ukumelana nezimo ezisetshenziswa kulawa makhebula zisiza ukuvikela ekugugeleni nasekugqwaleni kwamanzi anosawoti, okuwenza afanelekele ukufakwa isikhathi eside endaweni yolwandle.
I-Scalability Ethuthukisiwe Yokwandisa Imiklamo Yase-Offshore
Njengoba amaphrojekthi wamandla avuselelekayo anda ngokuqhubekayo phesheya kolwandle, izintambo ezintantayo zinikeza isixazululo esiyingozi esisekela ukudluliswa kwamandla emabangeni amakhulu nokujula. Izintambo zendabuko zibhekana nemikhawulo lapho zifakwe emanzini ajulile, kuyilapho izintambo ezintantayo zikwazi ukubhekana nezidingo zamaphrojekthi amakhulu, ajulile. Lokhu kuvumelana nezimo kuvumela amapulazi omoya nokunye ukufakwa ukuthi kusebenze ezindaweni ebezingafinyeleleki ngaphambilini, okuvula amathuba amasha okukhiqiza amandla avuselelekayo.
Ukusebenza Kahle Kwezindleko Ekufakeni Nokunakekela
Ukufaka izintambo zendabuko ezingaphansi kolwandle ngokuvamile kudinga imishini ebizayo, eyisipesheli kanye nokuhlelwa okubanzi. Izintambo ezintantayo, nokho, ngokuvamile zilula ukuzifaka futhi zingatshalwa ngokushesha, okunciphisa izindleko zangaphambili. Ngokuvamile zidinga ukulungiswa okuncane ngenxa yekhono lazo lokuzivumelanisa nezimo zolwandle ezinyakazayo, okuholela ekwehleni kwezindleko zokusebenza zesikhathi eside zamaphrojekthi asogwini.
Izicelo Ezibalulekile Zezintambo Ezintantayo Zasogwini
1. Offshore Wind Farms
Enye yezinhlelo ezibaluleke kakhulu zezintambo ezintantayo kumandla omoya asogwini lolwandle. Njengoba amapulazi omoya ehamba emanzini ajulile ukuze abambe imimoya enamandla futhi engaguquki, izintambo ezintantayo zinikeza ukuguquguquka okudingekayo ukuze kuxhunywe izinjini zomoya ogwini, ngisho nasezindaweni zasolwandle eziyinselele. Lokhu kuvumelana nezimo kuvumela ukufakwa komoya ogwini lolwandle ukuthi kubekwe ezindaweni ngaphambilini ebezikude kakhulu noma ezijulile, okusiza ekwandiseni ukukhiqizwa kwamandla.
2. I-Tidal and Wave Energy Systems
Amasistimu wamandla e-Tidal namagagasi ancike ekuhambeni kwamanzi ukuze akhiqize amandla. Lokhu kunyakaza okuqhubekayo kungafaka ubunzima ezintamboni zendabuko, kwenze izintambo ezintantayo zibe ukukhetha okufanele kakhulu. Isakhiwo sazo esinyakazayo nesiguquguqukayo sizivumela ukuthi zihambe ngokwemvelo ngokugeleza kwamagagasi, ziqinisekisa ukudluliswa kwamandla okuphumelelayo ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni ubuqotho bekhebula.
3. Amapulazi eSolar antantayo
Amapulazi elanga antantayo ayinkambiso evelayo, ikakhulukazi ezifundeni lapho indawo yomhlaba ilinganiselwe. Izintambo ezintantayo zisekela lokhu kufakwa ngokunikeza uxhumano oluguquguqukayo phakathi kwezinhlelo zelanga emanzini kanye negridi yamandla asogwini. Njengoba isidingo samapulazi elanga antantayo sikhula, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezisogwini nasezindaweni zasemanzini, izintambo ezintantayo zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuxhumeni le mithombo yamandla kumagridi ngendlela ephumelelayo futhi enokwethenjelwa.
Izinselelo Nezisombululo Ekusetshenzisweni Kwekhebula Elintantayo lase-Offshore
Inselele 1: Ukuqina Nokukhathala Kwempahla
Ukunyakaza okungaguquki kolwandle kungabangela ukuguga okuphawulekayo kwezintambo, okuholela ekukhathaleni kwezinto ezibonakalayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukuze babhekane nalokhu, abakhiqizi bakha izintambo ezenziwe ngemicu yokwenziwa ethuthukisiwe nezinto ezimelana nokugqwala ezingamelana nobunzima bendawo yolwandle. Lezi zinto zinweba impilo yekhebula futhi zinciphise izidingo zokunakekela, zizenze zibe utshalomali olusebenzayo lwamaphrojekthi aphesheya kwezilwandle.
Inselele yesi-2: Izindleko Zokuqala Eziphezulu
Nakuba izintambo ezintantayo zinikeza ukonga kwesikhathi eside ekunakekeleni, ukutshalwa kwezimali kokuqala kungaba kukhulu. Izindleko zezinto ezinyakazayo, okokwenziwa kokwenziwa, nezinhlelo zokuphatha ezikhethekile zingakhuphula izindleko zangaphambili. Nokho, njengoba ubuchwepheshe bekhebula elintantayo buqhubeka buthuthuka, lezi zindleko zokuqala ziyehla. Ukwengeza, ohulumeni nezinkampani zamandla zitshala imali kubuchwepheshe bezintambo ezintantayo ukuze zisekele amaphrojekthi amakhulu avuselelekayo, okusiza ukwenza lezi zintambo zithengeke kakhudlwana.
Inselele yesi-3: Umthelela Wendawo Ezungezile
Ukufaka izintambo ezindaweni zasolwandle kubeka izingozi ezingaba khona ezinhlelweni zemvelo zasolwandle. Ukuze kuncishiswe lezi zingozi, izinkampani zisebenzisa izinto zokwakha ezilungele imvelo nezindlela zokuzifaka ezinciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwempilo yasolwandle. Ukwengeza, izintambo ezintantayo zenza indawo encane kunezintambo ezivamile ezingaphansi kolwandle, njengoba zingadingi ukuphazamiseka okukhulu olwandle phakathi nokufakwa, okuzenza zibe inketho eqhubekayo yokudluliswa kwamandla olwandle.
Ikusasa Lezintambo Ezintantayo Zase-Offshore kanye Nokudlulisa Amandla Omhlaba
Ukuqamba Nokuthrendayo Kwezobuchwepheshe Bekhebula
Ikusasa lezintambo ezintantayo phesheya kolwandle liqhakazile, ngocwaningo oluqhubekayo olugxile ezintweni kanye nobuchwepheshe obungathuthukisa ukusebenza. Izinzwa ezihlakaniphile ziyathuthukiswa ukuze ziqaphe izimo zesikhathi sangempela, okuvumela ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kokugugile kanye namaphuzu okungenzeka awahluleki. Ukwengeza, imiklamo eguquguqukayo iyahlolwa elungisa indawo yekhebula kanye nokushuba kwesimo sezulu, okungase kukhulise isikhathi eside sekhebula.
Umthelela Ongaba khona Kuzinjongo Zomhlaba Wonke Zamandla Avuselelekayo
Izintambo ezintantayo zasogwini zidlala indima ebalulekile ekwenzeni imithombo yamandla avuselelekayo ifinyeleleke kakhudlwana futhi ikhule. Ngokuvumela amaphrojekthi aphesheya kolwandle ukuba akhelwe ezindaweni okwakungafinyeleleki kuzo ngaphambili, izintambo ezintantayo zivumela ukubanjwa kwamandla kagesi avuselelekayo. Le ntuthuko isekela imizamo yomhlaba wonke yokunciphisa ukuthembela emafutheni ezinto ezimbiwa phansi kanye nokushintshela emithonjeni yamandla ahlanzekile, ukusiza ukuhlangabezana nezinjongo zesimo sezulu samazwe ngamazwe kanye nokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwesisi esingcolisa umoya.
Isiphetho
Izintambo ezintantayo zasogwini ziwubuchwepheshe obushintshashintshayo obusiza ukushayela ikusasa lamandla avuselelekayo. Ngokuguquguquka kwabo, ukuqina, kanye nekhono lokumelana nezindawo zasolwandle, bahlinzeka ngesixazululo esithembekile sokudluliswa kwamandla kusuka emithonjeni engasogwini njengokufakwa komoya, amaza olwandle, kanye nelanga. Njengoba lobu buchwepheshe buqhubeka buthuthuka, izintambo ezintantayo zizodlala indima enkulu nakakhulu ekwenzeni amandla okukhiqiza amandla ahlanzekile futhi asekele imizamo yokusimamisa umhlaba. Ngokunqoba izinselele ezinjengokuqina, izindleko, nomthelela wemvelo, amakhebuli antantayo asogwini avula indlela yekusasa elixhumeke kakhulu neliwonga amandla.
Kusukela ngo-2009,I-Danyang Winpower Wire neCable Mfg Co., Ltd.ibilokhu ilima emkhakheni wezintambo zikagesi neze-elekthronikhi cishe15 iminyaka, iqongelela ingcebo yesipiliyoni semboni kanye nokuqanjwa okusha kwezobuchwepheshe. Sigxila ekuletheni izixazululo ezisezingeni eliphezulu, ezizungezile kanye nezixazululo zezintambo emakethe, futhi umkhiqizo ngamunye uqinisekiswe ngokuqinile yizinhlangano ezigunyaziwe zaseYurophu nezaseMelika, ezifanele izidingo zokuxhuma ezimeni ezahlukahlukene.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-31-2024