Ukuqinisekisa Ukuphepha Nokusebenza: Umhlahlandlela Wezintambo Zokuxhumanisa I-DC-Side kuma-Inverters Esitoreji Sasekhaya Samandla

Njengoba izinhlelo zokugcina amandla zasendlini ziya ngokuya zithandwa, ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokusebenza kwezintambo zazo, ikakhulukazi ohlangothini lwe-DC, kubaluleke kakhulu. Izixhumanisi zamanje (DC) eziqondile phakathi kwamaphaneli elanga, amabhethri, nama-inverter kubalulekile ekuguquleni amandla elanga abe ugesi osebenzisekayo futhi siwagcine ngempumelelo. Lo mhlahlandlela uhlinzeka ngemininingwane yokucatshangelwa okubalulekile, izinqubo ezingcono kakhulu, namaphutha avamile okufanele uwagweme lapho ufaka futhi ugcina izintambo zokuxhuma eziseceleni kwe-DC kuma-inverter okugcina amandla asendlini.

Ukuqonda I-DC-Side Yeziguquli Zesitoreji Samandla Sendlu

I-DC-side ye-inverter yokugcina amandla yilapho ugesi wamanje oqondile ugeleza phakathi kwamaphaneli elanga nebhange lebhethri ngaphambi kokuba uguqulwe ube wamanje oshintshanayo (AC) ukuze usetshenziswe ekhaya. Lolu hlangothi lwesistimu lubalulekile ngoba lusingatha ngokuqondile ukukhiqizwa nokugcinwa kwamandla.

Ekusethweni okujwayelekile kwamandla elanga, amaphaneli elanga akhiqiza ugesi we-DC, ohamba ngamakhebula nezinye izingxenye ukushaja amabhethri. Amandla agciniwe kumabhethri nawo akusimo se-DC. I-inverter ibe isiguqula lo gesi we-DC ogciniwe ube amandla e-AC ukuze uhlinzeke ngezinto zasendlini.

Izingxenye ezibalulekile ze-DC-side zifaka:

Izintambo ze-Solar PV ezithutha ugesi ukusuka kumaphaneli ukuya ku-inverter nebhethri.
Izixhumi ezixhuma izintambo namadivayisi, eziqinisekisa ukudluliswa kwamandla okushelelayo.
Amafuse namaswishi okuphepha, ukulawula kanye nokunqamula amandla njengoba kudingeka.

Ukucatshangelwa Okubalulekile Kokuphepha kwe-DC-Side Wiring

Izinyathelo ezifanele zokuphepha ze-DC-side wiring zibalulekile ukuvimbela izingozi zikagesi nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwesikhathi eside. Nazi ezinye izici ezibalulekile okufanele uzikhumbule:

I-Cable Insulation and Sizing: Ukusebenzisa amakhebuli ane-insulation efanele kuvimbela ukuvuza kukagesi futhi kunciphisa ingozi yamasekhethi amafushane. Ukulinganisa ikhebula kufanele kufane nomthwalo wamanje ukuze kuvinjelwe ukushisa ngokweqile nokwehla kwamandla kagesi, okungalimaza ukusebenza kwesistimu futhi kubangele umonakalo.

I-Polarity Elungile: Kuzinhlelo ze-DC, ukubuyisela emuva i-polarity kungabangela ukwehluleka kwemishini noma ukulimala. Ukuqinisekisa ukuxhunywa kwezintambo okulungile kubalulekile ukuze ugweme ukungasebenzi kahle.

I-Overcurrent Protection: I-Overcurrent ingalimaza izingxenye zikagesi ezibucayi futhi ibangele imililo. Vikela isistimu ngokusebenzisa amafuse nama-circuit breaker afana nokugeleza kwamanje kuzintambo eziseceleni kwe-DC.

I-Grounding: Ukumisa phansi ngendlela efanele kuqinisekisa ukuthi noma imuphi umsinga onhlanhlathayo uqondiswe ngokuphephile emhlabeni, kunciphisa ingozi yokushaqeka kukagesi nokuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwesistimu. Izidingo zokufaka phansi ziyahlukahluka ngezwe kodwa kufanele zihlale zilandelwa ngokuqinile.

Izinhlobo zamakhebuli asetshenziswa ekuxhumekeni kwe-DC-Side

Ukukhetha izintambo ezifanele zoxhumo lwe-DC-side kubalulekile kukho kokubili ukuphepha nokusebenza. Ezinye izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zihlanganisa:

Amakhebula e-Solar PV (H1Z2Z2-K, UL ​​4703, TUV PV1-F)**: Lawa makhebuli aklanyelwe ukusetshenziswa ngaphandle futhi amelana nemisebe ye-UV, amazinga okushisa aphezulu, kanye nengcindezi yendawo ezungezile. Zibonisa izinga eliphezulu lokuguquguquka, okuzenza zilungele izinhlelo zamandla elanga.

Ukubekezelela Ukushisa Okuphezulu: Izintambo eziseceleni kwe-DC kufanele zikwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu akhiqizwa ukugeleza okuqhubekayo kukagesi kusuka kumapaneli elanga kuya ku-inverter, ikakhulukazi phakathi namahora okukhanya kwelanga aphakeme kakhulu.

Ikhwalithi Eqinisekisiwe: Ukusebenzisa amakhebuli aqinisekisiwe kuqinisekisa ukuthobela izindinganiso zokuphepha futhi kusiza ukuvimbela ukwehluleka kwesistimu. Njalo khetha izintambo ezihlangabezana nezindinganiso ze-IEC, TUV, noma UL.

Imikhuba Engcono Kakhulu Yokufaka I-DC-Side Wiring

Ukuze uqinisekise ukuphepha nokuthembeka ekufakweni kohlangothi lwe-DC, landela lezi zindlela ezihamba phambili:

Umzila Wekhebula: Hamba kahle futhi uvikele izintambo ze-DC ukuze unciphise ukuchayeka ezimweni zezulu kanye nokulimala ngokomzimba. Gwema ukugoba okubukhali, okungacindezela izintambo futhi kubangele ukulimala kwangaphakathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ukunciphisa Ukwehla Kwegesi: Ukugcina izintambo ze-DC zimfushane ngangokunokwenzeka kunciphisa ukwehla kwamandla kagesi, okungaphazamisa ukusebenza kahle kwesistimu. Uma amabanga amade engenakugwenywa, khulisa usayizi wekhebula ukuze unxephezele.

Ukusebenzisa Izixhumi Ezifanelekile: Qinisekisa ukuthi izixhumi azimelani nesimo sezulu futhi ziyahambisana nezintambo ezisetshenzisiwe. Izixhumi zekhwalithi engeyinhle zingabangela ukulahlekelwa amandla noma zibe izingozi zomlilo.

Ukuhlolwa Okuvamile Nokunakekelwa: Hlola izintambo ze-DC njalo ukuze ziguge futhi ziklebhukile, okuhlanganisa ukuvala okonakele, ukuxhuma okuxekethile, nezimpawu zokugqwala. Ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile kungavimbela izinkinga ezincane ukuthi ziphenduke izinkinga ezinkulu.

Amaphutha Avamile Okufanele Ugwenywe Ku-DC Wiring

Ngisho nezinhlelo eziklanywe kahle zingahluleka ngenxa yamaphutha alula enqubweni yokufaka. Gwema lezi zingibe ezivamile:

Amakhebuli Angaphansi Kakhulu noma Ekhwalithi Ephansi: Ukusebenzisa amakhebuli amancane kakhulu ukuze akwazi ukuthwala isistimu kungaholela ekushiseni ngokweqile, ekulahlekeni kwamandla, ngisho nasemililweni. Njalo khetha izintambo ezingaphatha amandla aphelele okukhipha isistimu yakho.

I-polarity engalungile: Ukubuyisela emuva i-polarity ohlelweni lwe-DC kungabangela ukulimala ezingxenyeni noma ukwehluleka okuphelele kwesistimu. Hlola kabili ukuxhumeka ngaphambi kokunika isistimu amandla.

Amakhebuli Aminyene: Izintambo eziminyene zingabangela izintambo zishise ngokweqile. Qinisekisa isikhala esifanele kanye nokungena komoya, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezivalekile njengamabhokisi okuhlanganayo.

Ukunganaki Amakhodi endawo: Isifunda ngasinye sinamakhodi aso okuphepha kagesi, njenge-NEC kumazinga ase-US noma e-IEC emazweni ngamazwe. Ukwehluleka ukulandela lezi kungaholela ekuhlulekeni kwesistimu noma ezindabeni zomthetho.

Ukuhambisana Namazinga Omhlaba Nemitheshwana

Izinhlelo zokugcina amandla, okuhlanganisa izintambo zazo ze-DC-side, kufanele zithobele izindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuphephile nokuthembekile:

Amazinga e-IEC: Izindinganiso ze-International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) zinikeza imihlahlandlela yomhlaba wonke yokuphepha nokusebenza kukagesi.

Amazinga e-UL: Amazinga e-Underwriters Laboratories (UL) asetshenziswa kabanzi eNyakatho Melika, enikeza isiqondiso mayelana nokuphepha komkhiqizo kanye nesitifiketi.

I-NEC (Ikhodi Kagesi Kazwelonke): I-NEC inikeza imithetho neziqondiso zokufakwa kukagesi e-US. Ukulandela imihlahlandlela ye-NEC kuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokuhambisana.

Ukuthobela la mazinga akukhona nje ukuphepha; kuvame ukuba yimfuneko yokuhlinzekwa komshwalense futhi kungathinta ukufaneleka kwesistimu ukuthola izinzuzo nezaphulelo.

Ukuqapha Nokugcina Ukuxhumana Kwe-DC-Side

Ngisho namasistimu afakwe kahle kakhulu adinga ukuqapha nokugcinwa njalo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuphezulu. Nansi indlela yokuhlala umatasatasa:

Ukuhlola Okuvamile: Hlela ukuhlolwa ngezikhathi ezithile komonakalo womzimba, ukuguga, kanye nokuxhumeka okuxekethile. Bheka izimpawu zokubola, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zangaphandle.

Ukusebenza Kwesistimu Yokuqapha: Ama-inverter amaningi eza nezinhlelo zokuqapha ezakhelwe ngaphakathi ezivumela abasebenzisi ukulandelela ukukhiqizwa nokusetshenziswa kwamandla. Amathuluzi okuqapha angakuxwayisa ngezinkinga ezifana nokulahlekelwa kwamandla okungalindelekile, okungase kubonise inkinga yezintambo.

Ukubhekana Nezinkinga Ngokushesha: Uma kutholakala izimpawu zokuguga noma zokulimala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, lungisa noma ushintshe izingxenye ezithintekile ngokushesha. Isinyathelo esisheshayo singavimbela izinkinga ezincane ekukhuphukeni zibe ukulungiswa okubizayo.

Isiphetho

Ukuphepha nokusebenza kwama-inverters okugcina amandla asendlini kuncike kakhulu ekufakweni nasekugcinweni okufanele kwezintambo zokuxhuma eziseceleni kwe-DC. Ngokulandela izinqubo ezingcono kakhulu, ukusebenzisa izinto zekhwalithi ephezulu, nokuthobela izindinganiso zendawo, ungaqinisekisa isistimu yokugcina amandla ethembekile nephumelelayo esekela izidingo zamandla zasendlini yakho. Ngaso sonke isikhathi cabanga ngokubonisana nochwepheshe ngokufaka okuyinkimbinkimbi, ikakhulukazi uma kudingeka ukuthobela izindinganiso zokuphepha zamazwe ngamazwe.

Ngokulandela le mihlahlandlela, ngeke nje uthuthukise ukuphepha nokusebenza kwesistimu yakho kodwa futhi uzonweba ukuphila kwayo futhi wandise imbuyiselo ekutshaleni kwakho.

Kusukela yethulwa ngo-2009,I-Danyang Winpower Wire & Cable Mfg Co., Ltd.ubelokhu ebambe iqhaza ngokujulile emkhakheni wezintambo zikagesi nezikagesi cishe iminyaka eyi-15, futhi uye waqongelela ulwazi lwemboni olucebile kanye nokuqanjwa kabusha kwezobuchwepheshe. Sigxile ekuletheni izixazululo zezintambo zekhwalithi ephezulu, eziphelele zesistimu yokugcina amandla emakethe. Umkhiqizo ngamunye uqinisekiswe ngokuqinile yizinhlangano ezigunyaziwe zaseYurophu naseMelika futhi ulungele amasistimu kagesi okugcina amandla angu-600V kuya ku-1500V. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isiteshi samandla okugcina amandla amakhulu noma isistimu encane esabalalisiwe, ungathola isisombululo esifanele kakhulu sekhebula lokuxhuma ohlangothini lwe-DC.

Iziphakamiso eziyisethenjwa zokukhetha izintambo zangaphakathi zama-inverters okugcina amandla

Kule nkathi yokuchuma kwamandla aluhlaza, i-Winpower Wire & Cabl izosebenza nawe ukuhlola imingcele emisha yobuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla. Ithimba lethu lochwepheshe lizokunikeza uhla olugcwele lokubonisana nobuchwepheshe bekhebula lokugcina amandla nokusekelwa kwesevisi. Sicela usithinte!